Unit 4 Inventions and Inventors（精选2篇）

Unit4InventionsandInventors篇1

unit4inventionsandinventors

【本讲教育信息】

一.教学内容：

book15unit4(i)

学会用动词的被动语态描述物体的使用方法，构成成份和功能作用。

二.教学重点：

1.动词一般现在时被动语态。

2.动词一般过去时被动语态。

3.动词一般将来时被动语态。

4.情态动词的被动语态

5.重点词汇

三.具体内容：

（一）被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子中的主语是动词的承受者，也就是动作的对象。一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。

被动语态的用法：

1）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者时，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，

e.g.printingwasintroducedintoeuropefromchina.

anewbridgewillbebuiltherenextyear.

2）当我们关心动作的承受者但也关心动作的执行者时，用by加动作的执行者。

e.g.thetownwasdestroyedbyanearthquake.

英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。[来源:]

时态举例：

1.一般现在时：

footballisplayedallovertheworld.

englishisspokeninbritain,theusandsomeothercountries.

roger,youarewantedonthephone.

2.一般过去时：

thegreathallofthepeoplewasbuiltin1959.

hislegwasbrokeninanaccident.

theinternationalwaswrittenin1871byeugenepotter,thefrenchworker-poet.

3.一般将来时:

moreschoolswillbebuiltinmyhometown.

hewillbetakentohospitaltomorrow.

4.情态动词的被动语态

themeatshouldbekeptinafridge.

ricecanbeboiledorsteamed.

thismaterialmustbehandledcarefully.

text:

thefirstpaper was   (make)inchinain105adbyamancalledcailun.theoldestpiecesofpaperstillexistedweremadeinabout150ad.forover500yearstheartofmakingpaperwas      (limit)tochina.in610,papermakingwas         (introduce)intojapan,andthenintocentralasiainabouttheyear750.papermadeitsfirstappearanceinegyptinabout800butitwas not       (produce)thereuntiltheyear900.

kites        (know)inchinaabout3,000yearsago.theywereusedinbattlestotransportsuppliestosoldierswhowereindanger.

wheelbarrows         (invent)inthehandynasty.theywereusedbybuilderstocarryheavysupplies.inabattle,wheelbarrowswereusedtocarryinjuredordeadsoldiers.

gunpowder        (discover)bythechinesewhouseditformakingfireworkshundredsofyearsago.itwasprobablyintroducedintoeuropefromthemiddleeast.

umbrellas       (invent)bythechinese.theyweremadefromoiledpaperandbamboo.redandyellowumbrellas       (use)byhigherclass,andblueumbrellaswereusedbythecommonpeople.

soccer        (develop)inenglandinthe12thcentury.buthundredsofyearsbeforethis-around200bc-asimilargame       (play)atthebeginningofthehandynastyinchina.

magicsquaresareaveryoldtypeofnumberpuzzle.they     (invent)inchinabeforetheendofthe1stcenturyad.inamagicsquare,nomatterfromwhichdirectionyouaddupthenumbers,theresultisthesame.

ex.fillintheblankswithis,are.

camera        oftenusedwhenpeopletravel.

milk        hadasmainfoodforbabies.

someadvice       givenbytheprofessor.

bread          takenthreetimesadayinthisfamily.

thesheep        killedbyagangofwolves.

theillteeth         takenoutbythedentist.

thewatches          madeinswiss.

manypeople           hurtintheaccident.

police         calledatoncebythe2drivers.

（二）重点词汇：

1.switchon

switchthelighton,please.

theovenisprogrammedforthecorrecttimeandthenswitchedon.

2.absorb

waterisabsorbedintothesoil.

hewassoabsorbedbythebookthathefailedtohearthedoorbell.

3.copy

thispictureisacopyfromxubeihong.

copythefollowingwordsintoyourexercisebooks.

4.makeone’sappearance

shemadeherfirststageappearanceattheageof16.

hehasmadeanumberofappearancesontelevision.

5.turninto

themicrowavesareabsorbedbythefoodandtheyareturnedintoheat.

6.nomatter

常与what,who,when,which,whose,how连用

nomatterwhenhecomesagain,hewillbewelcomed.

nomatterwhoknocks,don’topenthedoor.

nomatterwhatproblemyouhave,turntome.

nomatterwhosebagitis,itwillbekepthereuntiltheownerreturns.

7.bemadeof/from

thisbottleismadeofglass.

thebagismadeofcloth.

butterisfrommilk.

paperismadefromtrees.

8.beusedfor/by

asawisusedforcuttingwood.

amicrowaveovenisusedforheatingfood.

chalkisusedbyteachers.

thisnotebookwasusedbymymother.

［课堂练习］

用beusedfor/by or bemakeof/from补全句子：

1.spoonsandforks                     eatinginthewest.

2.greenhouse                                     keepingthevegetableswarm.

3.bamboo                           chinese            writingcharacters.

4.you’dbetterusebags                clothinsteadofbags                      plastic.

5.thebeautifullights                       crystalglass.

6.soap                        animals’oil.

句型转换：

1.cailuninventedpaperin105ad.（变成被动句）

2.peoplegrowriceinsouthchina.（变成被动句）

3.chinawillholdthe29tholympicgames.（变成被动句）

4.peoplemustlocktheirbikes.（变成被动句）

5.gunpowderwasdiscoveredbythechinese.（变一般疑问句）

6.veryfewpeoplewillbekilledincaraccidentinthefuture.（变否定句）

7.tea-drinkingwasfirstrecordedinchinaabout2737bc.（对画线部分提问）

【本讲教育信息】

一.教学内容：

book15unit4(ii)

复习被动语态，学会使用被动语态描述事物的使用，构成和功能；学会用情态动词表达怀疑，确定和可能。

二.本周教学重点：

1.复习被动语态

2.情态动词表达怀疑、确定和可能。

3.重点词汇

三.具体内容：

（一）被动语态：

1.一般现在时被动语态基本结构：

主语＋am/is/are＋过去分词

thefoodisplacedintheoven.

theyareturnedintoheat.

2.一般过去时被动语态基本结构：

主语＋was/were＋过去分词

magicsquareswereinventedinchina.

papermakingwasintroducedintojapanin610.

3.情态动词被动语态基本结构：

主语＋can/should/must＋be＋过去分词

schooluniformmustbewornatalltimes.

4.一般将来时被动语态基本结构：

主语＋will＋be＋过去分词

itcan’tbearadiobecauseit’stoobigtobearadio.

thereportwill______（finish）intwodays’time.

milkshould_______（keep）inthefridge.

whiteclothesandcoloredclothesshouldnot_______（wash）together.

schooluniformsneedn’t______（wear）atalltimes.

（二）情态动词：

当不是很确定时，用might或may.（might比may更不确定）

whoknowswhatwillhappen.youmayevenhavemarriedbythen.

itmightbeatoolforcuttingthings.idon’tknow.

当确定某件事是唯一的可能时，用must.

itmustbesomesortoftoy.

当确信不可能发生时，用cannot.

itcannotbearadiobecauseit’stoobigtobearadio.

ex.completethesentenceswithmightbe/maybe,cannotbe,ormustbe.

1.thisexam_________toodifficultforthestudents.idon’tthinktheycanfinishit.

2.it_________abookforchildren.therearemanycartoonsinit.

3.it_________true.ithinkyoumadeamistake.

4.mr.smith________________inlondon,paris,ortokyo.nooneknowsforsure.

5.that_________john.heisinnewyorknow.

6.didyouhearthedoorbell?it_______nicholas.iamexpectinghim.

（三）readthedescriptionsaboutsomefamousinventors,andguesswhotheyare.

1.helivedinchinainsongdynasty.printingwasinventedbyhim.whowashe?

2.hewasbritish.hewasborninedinburgh,scotlandin1847.hediedin1922.in1876,heinventedthefirsttelephone.whowashe?

3.heischinese.hewenttoauniversityinsouthwestchinatostudyfarmingtechnology.hewascalled“thefatherofhybridrice”

4.thesetwobrotherswereamericans.whentheywereyoung,theystartedtowonderwhybirdscouldflyinthesky.thenthey startedtomakeflyingmachines.theyfirsttriedtoflyaplanein1903.

5.hewasanamericaninventor.hewasborntoapoorfamilyin1847.hismothertaughthimathome.heoftenobservedthingscarefullyandhelikedtoaskquestionsaboutthem.hestudiedveryhardandmadeover1,300inventionsduringhislifetime.oneofhisfamousinventionswasthelightbulb.

（四）重点词汇：

1.inmanybigcitiesintheworld,theoveruseofcarsisthoughttobeoneofthemajorcausesofairpollution.

over＋名词/形容词，表示“过多，过于”

theover-loadtruckcausedaseriousroadaccident.

shealwaysworksovertime,soshehasto leaveherbabycaredforbyhermother.

bethoughttobe被认为，被看作

sheisthoughttobethetopstudentinourclass.

janeisthoughttobebusypreparingfortheexam.

2.howeverwearealsowarnednottoaskforprettycolors,becausethecarwillcomeingrayonly.

warn

noonewarnedhimofthedanger.

iwarnedhernottogetclosetothedogbutshewouldn’thearofit.

3.otherexpertsaresurethatthefuturewillbehappy.

besurethat…

iamsurethatsmokingwillhurtyou.

areyousurethatjohnwillcomethisafternoon?

4.ifgasisinshortsupply,thesupercarwillrunonwater.

beinshort…

thecheaperitis,thebetter.i’mshortofmoney.

on靠

hefindsitdifficulttoliveonhissalary.

theylivemostlyonvegetablesfromtheirgarden.

5.asarule,softfruitslikestrawberries,etc,aredifficulttofreeze.

asarule一般来说，通常是

asarule,shegoesoutearlyeveryeveninglookingforwork.

asarule,wegethomeat6.

6.youshould becarefulthefirsttimeyouwashyourshirtbecausethebluecolormightcomeoutandmarkthewhitepart.

comeout开花，出版，退色，计算出来

thismagazinecomesoutmonthly.

someflowershavebeguntocomeout.

iwashedtheshirttwicebuttheinkstillhasn’tcomeout.

7.observe观察

iobservedaletteronthetable.

didyouobserveanythingstrangeinthatboy’sbehavior?

［课堂练习］

i.单选。

1.haveyouever      thiskindofmooncakes?

a.eat                b.eats              c.eating               d.eaten

2.theknivesareused      cuttingthings.

a.in                  b.to                c.for                   d.of

3.theyareusedfor     thestyleofashoe.

a.change          b.changes        c.changing           d.changed

4.–mustistayathome,mum?

-no,you     .

a.needn’t          b.mustn’t        c.don’t                d.maynot

5.sheaskedthem      thingsabout.

a.nottolitter     b.don’tlitter     c.notlitter            d.nolitter

6.i’mnotsure     hewillcomebackhometomorrowornot.

a.when             b.what            c.whether            d.where

7.look.these      bedinosaureggsbecausetheyarethebiggestofall.

a.must             b.can               c.should              d.may

8.–iwastoldtotakeumbrellawithme.

--oh,no.lookatthesky.it’ssunnyand      rain.

a.must              b.can’t            c.may                  d.needn’t

9.thelightintheofficeisoff.theteacher     betherenow.

a.may              b.can’t            c.mustn’t             d.must

10.thiskindofsweaterismade     cotton.

a.by                  b.with             c.of                     d.from

ii.完成句子：

1.警察阻止孩子们在街上玩耍。

thepolicemanstoppedthechildren               inthestreet.

2.去年他去日本学医。

lastyear,hewenttojapan                    .

3.她每天早起以便能读英语。

shegetsupearlyeveryday           shecanreadenglish.

4.这种材料必须小心使用。

thismaterial                       carefully.

5.肉应该保存在冰箱里。

meat                            afridge.

6.这项工作可以下周完成。

thiswork                   nextweek.

iii.连词成句

1.themoney/count/everyevening

_____________________________________________________

2.thechildren/takecareof/inthekindergarten

_________________________________________

3.english/speak/everywhere

_________________________________________________________

4.freshfood/buy/everyday

_________________________________________________________

5.bills/pay/onceamonth

___________________________________________________________

6.thenotebooks/handin/attheendofeachweek

______________________________________________________

Unit4InventionsandInventors篇2

unit4inventionsandinventors

【模拟试题】（答题时间：25分钟）

i.用所给词的被动语态填空.

plant, make,   hold,  look,   eat,   clean

1.thebabies       afterwellbythenurses.

2.ameeting            nextweek.

3.allthefruithasbeen       bytheboy.

4.thiskindofwatchis      in shanghai.

5.theroomhasbeen       bythestudents.

6.thistree     byanoldmanmanyyearsago.

ii.完成句子。

1.英语被越来越多的人使用。

english               by                people.

2.应尽量多说英语。

englishshould                                   .

3.他叫我不要在此拍照。

hetoldme                     here.

4.你的自行车怎么了？

yourbike?

5.你和我都不擅长数学。

neitheryounori                       .

6.第一张纸是在中国制造的。

thefirstpaper                  china.

7.风筝在30XX年前在中国就被人了解了。

kites           inchinaabout3000yearsago.

8.他们在战斗中被使用。

they            inbattles.

【试题答案】

i.1.arelooked     2.willbehold       3.eaten  4.made        5.cleaned     6.wasplanted

ii.1.isspoken,moreandmore   

2.bespokenasmuchaspossible 

3.nottotakephotos

4.what’swrongwith

5.amgood atmath

6.wasmadein

7.wereknown

8.wereused

【模拟试题】（答题时间：25分钟）

i.completesentenceswith“is,are,was,were”.

1.we             toldtobereadyatteno’clock.

2.thepolicearelookingforamanwho         thoughttobedangerous.

3.the1948olympicgames         heldinlondon.

4.rice            grownalloverasia.

5.mostpeople             paidattheendofthemonth.

6.thousandsofgadgets         inventedeveryyear.

7.thelive aidconcertsinenglandandamerica           watchedbymillionsoffans.

8.camera        oftenusedwhenpeopletravel.

9.milk        hadasmainfoodforbabies.

ii.用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1.onthiswebsite,thenews_______________（update）everyhour.

2.inthiscity,thestreets__________________（sweep）every4hours.

3.inthisbook,keypoints_________________（highlight）inred.

4.julesvern_________________（think）ofasthefatherofsciencefiction.

5.inthiscountry,youngmen__________________（ask）tojointhearmy.

6.we___________________（notallow）tobringfoodintotheclassroom.

7.someonemusthavebeenhere.thedoor__________（unlock）.thechairs____________（move）.theglassofwater____________（drink）up.thecake___________（eat）.

8.theclassroomlooksmuchnicernow.thefloor__________（sweep）.thewalls_________（paint）thepictures____________（put）uponthewall.theballoons_____________（blow）.thedoorsandwindows______________（decorate）withballoonsandflowers.brokenchairsanddesks__________（repair）andcarefully___________（line）up.theblackboard___________（clean）and“welcomebacktoschool!”____________（write）onit.

【试题答案】

i.1.are       2.is      3.was 4.is      5.are    6.are    7.are    8.is      9.is

ii.1.isupdated                2.areswept              3.arehighlighted 

4.wasthought              5.areasked               6.arenotallowed  

7.isunlocked,aremoved,isdrunk,iseaten

8.isswept,arepainted,areput,areblown,aredecorated,arerepaired,lined,iscleaned,written