三八妇女节的由来英文介绍

三八妇女节的由来英文介绍

InternationalWomen'sDay(8March)isanoccasionmarkedbywomen'sgroupsaroundtheworld.ThisdateisalsocommemoratedattheUnitedNationsandisdesignatedinmanycountriesasanationalholiday.Whenwomenonallcontinents,oftendividedbynationalboundariesandbyethnic,linguistic,cultural,economicandpoliticaldifferences,cometogethertocelebratetheirDay,theycanlookbacktoatraditionthatrepresentsatleastninedecadesofstruggleforequality,justice,peaceanddevelopment.

InternationalWomen'sDayisthestoryofordinarywomenasmakersofhistory;itisrootedinthecenturies-oldstruggleofwomentoparticipateinsocietyonanequalfootingwithmen.InancientGreece,Lysistratainitiatedasexualstrikeagainstmeninordertoendwar;duringtheFrenchRevolution,Parisianwomencallingfor"liberty,equality,fraternity"marchedonVersaillestodemandwomen'ssuffrage.

TheideaofanInternationalWomen'sDayfirstaroseattheturnofthecentury,whichintheindustrializedworldwasaperiodofexpansionandturbulence,boomingpopulationgrowthandradicalideologies.Followingisabriefchronologyofthemostimportantevents:

1909

InaccordancewithadeclarationbytheSocialistPartyofAmerica,thefirstNationalWoman'sDaywasobservedacrosstheUnitedStateson28February.WomencontinuedtocelebrateitonthelastSundayofthatmonththrough1913.

1910

TheSocialistInternational,meetinginCopenhagen,establishedaWomen'sDay,internationalincharacter,tohonourthemovementforwomen'srightsandtoassistinachievinguniversalsuffrageforwomen.Theproposalwasgreetedwithunanimousapprovalbytheconferenceofover100womenfrom17countries,whichincludedthefirstthreewomenelectedtotheFinnishparliament.Nofixeddatewasselectedfortheobservance.

1911

AsaresultofthedecisiontakenatCopenhagenthepreviousyear,InternationalWomen'sDaywasmarkedforthefirsttime(19March)inAustria,Denmark,GermanyandSwitzerland,wheremorethanonemillionwomenandmenattendedrallies.Inadditiontotherighttovoteandtoholdpublicoffice,theydemandedtherighttowork,tovocationaltrainingandtoanendtodiscriminationonthejob.

Lessthanaweeklater,on25March,thetragicTriangleFireinNewYorkCitytookthelivesofmorethan140workinggirls,mostofthemItalianandJewishimmigrants.ThiseventhadasignificantimpactonlabourlegislationintheUnitedStates,andtheworkingconditionsleadinguptothedisasterwereinvokedduringsubsequentobservancesofInternationalWomen'sDay.

1913-1914

AspartofthepeacemovementbrewingontheeveofWorldWarI,RussianwomenobservedtheirfirstInternationalWomen'sDayonthelastSundayinFebruary1913.ElsewhereinEurope,onoraround8Marchofthefollowingyear,womenheldrallieseithertoprotestthewarortoexpresssolidaritywiththeirsisters.

1917

With2millionRussiansoldiersdeadinthewar,RussianwomenagainchosethelastSundayinFebruarytostrikefor"breadandpeace".Politicalleadersopposedthetimingofthestrike,butthewomenwentonanyway.Therestishistory:FourdayslatertheCzarwasforcedtoabdicateandtheprovisionalGovernmentgrantedwomentherighttovote.ThathistoricSundayfellon23FebruaryontheJuliancalendartheninuseinRussia,buton8MarchontheGregoriancalendarinuseelsewhere.

Sincethoseearlyyears,InternationalWomen'sDayhasassumedanewglobaldimensionforwomenindevelopedanddevelopingcountriesalike.Thegrowinginternationalwomen'smovement,whichhasbeenstrengthenedbyfourglobalUnitedNationswomen'sconferences,hashelpedmakethecommemorationarallyingpointforcoordinatedeffortstodemandwomen'srightsandparticipationinthepoliticalandeconomicprocess.Increasingly,InternationalWomen'sDayisatimetoreflectonprogressmade,tocallforchangeandtocelebrateactsofcourageanddeterminationbyordinarywomenwhohaveplayedanextraordinaryroleinthehistoryofwomen'srights.

TheRoleoftheUnitedNations

FewcausespromotedbytheUnitedNationshavegeneratedmoreintenseandwidespreadsupportthanthecampaigntopromoteandprotecttheequalrightsofwomen.TheCharteroftheUnitedNations,signedinSanFranciscoin1945,wasthefirstinternationalagreementtoproclaimgenderequalityasafundamentalhumanright.Sincethen,theOrganizationhashelpedcreateahistoriclegacyofinternationallyagreedstrategies,standards,programmesandgoalstoadvancethestatusofwomenworldwide.

Overtheyears,UnitedNationsactionfortheadvancementofwomenhastakenfourcleardirections:promotionoflegalmeasures;mobilizationofpublicopinionandinternationalaction;trainingandresearch,includingthecompilationofgenderdesegregatedstatistics;anddirectassistancetodisadvantagedgroups.TodayacentralorganizingprincipleoftheworkoftheUnitedNationsisthatnoenduringsolutiontosociety'smostthreateningsocial,economicandpoliticalproblemscanbefoundwithoutthefullparticipation,andthefullempowerment,oftheworld'swomen.

三八妇女节的由来英文介绍

Some15,000womenmarchedthroughNewYorkCityin1908demandingshorterhours,betterpayandvotingrights。Ahundredyearon,thepertinenceofthiseventishonoredthroughIWD’s20xxglobaltheme‘ShapingProgress’.

Injustthreeyears,20xxwillseeIWD’sCentenary–100yearsofwomen’sunitedactionforglobalequalityandchange.OrganizationsaroundtheworldhavealreadycommencedplanningfortheirIWDCentenarycelebrations.

ThefirstInternationalWomen’sDaywaslaunchedon8March1911inCopenhagen,Leaderofthe‘Women’sOffice’fortheSocialDemocraticPartyinGermany.

In1991,ahandfulofmeninCanadalaunchedthe“whiteribbon”campaign,whichdeliversthemessagethatmenareopposedtosomeothermen’sviolenceagainstwomen.

Women’sDaymarkstheroleofwomeninbothpastandthepresent.However,thedayisnotaone-dayroutine.Therealchallengeliesinthespontaneousflowoffeelings–honoringandcelebratingwomanhoodonaparticularMarch8onlytoforgetitsimportancethenextdayissacrilegious.